現在有很多人使用 Linux 來燒錄光碟是因為它比較穩定和容易。沒有藍色畫面和沒有找出軟硬體組合的困難。只要你一旦正確設定好之後就能使用。這份 CD-Writing HOWTO解釋了怎樣設定，怎樣將資料放上光碟上以及介紹一些有趣的程式。
Copyright Winfried Tr悳per 1996,1997,1998,1999. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this document, including all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a certain purpose; in no event shall the author be liable for any special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection with the use of this document.
Short: read and use at your own risk.
這網址 CD-R FAQ 裏有一般的 FAQ 關於空白光碟，光碟燒錄器和燒錄光碟所需的軟 件。
要令你的光碟能夠讀取光碟，你起碼要看 Linux CD-ROM HOWTO Linux SCSI HOWTO 和 Linux Kernel HOWTO.
CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read Only Memory, a storage medium utilizing an optical laser to sense microscopic pits on a silver shimmering disk. The silver shimmering comes from an aluminized layer which is the carrier. The pits represent the bits of the information (in some way) and are so petite that some billions of them fit on the disc. Thus a CD is a mass-storage medium.
The term CD-R is a short form of CD-ROM recordable and refers to a CD that doesn't have those "microscopic pits" on it's surface. Thus it's empty. Instead of the silver aluminium layer a CD-R has a special film (colored) into which "microscopic pits" can be burned in. This is done by giving the laser which normally only senses the pits a little bit more power so he burns the pits. This action can only be taken once on a CD-R, although you can leave out some areas for later writing, creating a so called multi-session CD.
The CD-ROM rewritable (short: CD-RW) was developed to come around the limitation of CD-R media. Here the laser can not even burn pits into the media, but it can also melt the media back into it's original state. This is possible, because the laser does not really burn holes into the media - you do not see a puff of smoke while burning and no voice from above tells you "target destroyed". What the laser really does is to trigger a phase change, thus the name "phase change devices" for CD-RW-writers. An example for a very similar technique used in daily life is the cleaning car in an ice-hockey stadion: during the pauses of the game, the car drives over the ice and fills the scratches in the ice (-> bits containing some sort of information about the game... hehehe) with melted splinter.
This HOWTO deals with the task of writing CD-Rs and CD-RWs. Welcome on board, captain.
你可以在這裏得到一個詳盡可用及不可用在各 unix 作業系統的型號列表 http://www.guug.de:8080/cgi-bin/winni/lsc.pl.
以下是一個能夠在 cdrecord 下使用的型號撮寫列表：
Acer: CDRW 6206A
BTC: BCE 621E (IDE)
Compro: CW-7502, CW-7502B
Dysan: CRW-1622
Elite: Elite b444.41
Grundig: CDR 100 IPW
Guillemot: Maxi CD-R 4X/8X
HP: SureStore 4020i, SureStore 6020i,
C4324, C4325
CD-Writer+ 7100, CD-Writer+ 7200i,
CD-Writer+ 8100i, CD-Writer+ 8110i,
Hi-Val: CDD-3610
JVC: XR-W2001, XR-W2010, XR-W2042, R-2626
Kodak: PCD 200, PCD 225, PCD 260, PCD 600
Matsushita: CW-7502
Memorex: CRW-620, CRW-1622
Microboards: PlayWrite 2000, PlayWrite 4000RW, PlayWrite 4001RW
MicroNet: MasterCD Plus 4x4, MasterCD Plus 4x6
Mitsubishi: CDRW-226
Mitsumi: CR-2401-TS, CR-2600 TE, CR-2801 TE, CR-4801 TE
Nomai: 680.RW
OTI: CDRW 965
Olympus: CDS 615E, CDS 620E
Optima: DisKovery 650 CD-R
OTI: CDRW 965
Panasonic: CW-7502, CW-7582
Philips: CDD-521/10, CDD-522
CDD-2000, CDD-2600, CDD-3600, CDD-3610
Omniwriter 26, Omniwriter 26A
Plasmon: CDR 480, CDR 4220, RF-4100, RF-4102, CDR 4400
Plextor: CDR PX-24 CS, PX-412 C, PX-R412 C
PX-R810Ti, PleXwriter 412C
Procom: PCDR 4
Ricoh: RO-1420C+, MP 1420C, MP 6200S, MP 6201S
Sanyo: CRD-R24S
Smart and
Friendly: CD-RW226, CD-R1002, CD-R1002/PRO, CD-R1004,
CD-R2004, CD-R2006 PLUS, CD-R2006 PRO,
CD-R4000, CD-R4006, CD-R4012
Sony: CDU 920S, CDU 924, CDU 926S, CDU-928E,
CDU 948S, CDRX 100E
Taiyo Yuden: EW-50
TEAC: CD-R50S, CD-R55S, CDR-55S
Traxdata: CRW 2260, CDR 4120, CDRW 4260,
Turtle Beach: 2040R
WPI (Wearnes): CDRW-622, CDR-632P
YAMAHA: CDR-100, CDR 102, CDR-200, CDR-200t, CDR-200tx
CDR-400, CDR-400c, CDR-400t, CDR-400tx, CDR-400Atx
CRW-2260, CRW-2260t,
CRW-4250tx, CRW-4260 t, CRW-4260 tx, CRW-4261,
CRW-4416 S
Table 1: CD-writers supported under Linux
如果你的硬件不被支援的話，你仍然可以用 Linux 來建立光碟影像檔不過你需要用 DOS 的軟件來將這個光碟影像檔燒錄至 CD-R •
現在有兩類的工具用作燒錄 CD-Rs ：硬體驅動程式和資料格式化。硬體驅動程式支援以下的功能：
Supported Feature cdwrite-2.1 cdrecord-1.6
------------------------------------------------
IDE/ATAPI no yes
Parallel Port no yes
CD-RW no yes
Multisession only partial yes
Table 2:
cdwrite 是一個舊的軟件，在這裏提出只不過是為了完整而已。請使用 cdrecord 來代替，因為它能支援較多的光碟燒錄器和它有較多的功能。資料格式化的目的是要組織光碟上的資料 ( 放一個檔案系統在光碟上 )
Feature mkisofs mkhybrid
--------------------------------------------
ISO 9660 yes yes
RockRidge yes yes
El Torito yes yes
HFS no yes
Joliet no yes
Table 3:
ISO 9660 檔案系統和 Extended-2 檔案系統的最大分別在於，一旦你將資料寫入光碟內就不能作修改。ISO 9660 檔案系統的限制有以下幾個：
RockRidge 是一個能令 ISO-9660 檔案系統支援長檔名及較深層目錄結構的延伸。當你在 DOS 或 Windows 底下讀取光碟時這些延伸都是不可用的。
El Torito 是一個能夠燒錄開機光碟的延伸。你的個人電腦 基本輸入/輸出系統也必須支援這個特性。粗略地說，光碟唯讀記 憶體開始的 1.44 Mbyte 含有由你供給的軟磁片磁盤影像。基本輸 入/輸出系統會把這個影像當作軟磁片般啟動它。
HFS 能讓 macintosh 讀取光碟內的資料，如果光碟內的資料 是 HFS 檔案系統的話•( 這是 MacOS 的原生檔案系統 )。
Joliet 把長檔名帶到 Windows 的新版本中 (95, 98, NT)•據作 者所知，暫時沒有一種工具能夠令 DOS 及 Windows 3.11 支援長檔 名。
部分 2.8 把提到的軟體都一一列出。
如果你想參加開發團隊 (有一個主動 幫助 他們的心), 電郵至
cdwrite-request@other.debian.org 和在電郵內容寫上 subscribe。
這份文件的最新版本可經常在這裏獲得 http://www.guug.de/~winni/linux/.